SEOUL, South Korea — Australia’s Parliament voted Friday to ban social media use by children under 16 — a seismic development that may set global precedents. 
Canberra’s Social Media Minimum Age Bill is being called the most sweeping legislation yet passed by a democracy to restrict access to social media, a domain that is under governmental scrutiny worldwide.

The bill won 34 votes against 19 in the Australian Senate late on Thursday, amid heckling from opposition lawmakers who demanded lengthier discussions. 

Handed down from the Senate to …