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BISHOP ROBERT BARRON: Pope Leo sees the AI age clearly — and warns we must save our souls
Pope Paul VI’s 1968 encyclical Humanae vitae covers a variety of themes, both theological and anthropological, and has proved to be remarkably prophetic, and yet it is still, in the minds of most people, simply the “birth control” encyclical. Similarly, Pope Francis’s 2015 encyclical Laudato Si’ ranges across a number of topics and provides a trenchant analysis of the philosophy that dominates the modern world, and yet, for most, it is simply the “global warming” encyclical. I am a bit afraid that something similar might happen to Pope Leo XIV’s Magnifica Humanitas, for it is already being characterized as the “AI encyclical.” But to reduce this extraordinary text to that single theme would be regrettable indeed. Leo does, of course, discuss AI, and with remarkable insight, but there is so much more going on in this letter, and it should not be overlooked.
The best framework for understanding the text is the title. Pope Paul VI famously said that the Church is an expert in humanity, and the Vatican II document Gaudium et spes commences with the reminder that the Church is concerned with all dimensions of human experience. One of the last texts composed by Pope Francis, Dignitas infinita, focused on the “infinite dignity” of the human being. The irreducible nobility of the human being is, I believe, the master motif of Magnifica Humanitas. In line with his recent predecessors, Pope Leo insists that we human beings are magnificent because we have been made in the image and likeness of God and even more wonderfully elevated through the Incarnation to a share in divinity itself. It is not the secular humanism that the pope presents, but a deeply theological and Christological humanism.
Magnifica Humanitas effectively commences with a contrast between two images drawn from the Old Testament, namely, the construction of the Tower of Babel and the rebuilding of the walls of Jerusalem after the return of the exiles from Babylon. The first, driven by imperialistic hubris and undertaken without reference to God, led to calamity; the second, supervised by Nehemiah, predicated upon the cooperation of the various elements within Israelite society and undertaken for the glory of God, led to something beautiful. Pope Leo worries that many of the “new things” of today, including and especially AI and other forms of advanced technology, can have a Tower of Babel quality, that is to say, a tendency toward manipulation, domination, and the reduction of all forms of communication to a singular digital language. But he firmly believes that, rightly employed, these marvels can fit into a more “Nehemiah” framework and become a means of enhancing human dignity and community.
But before he treats these matters in detail, he pauses to consider the great principles that undergird Catholic social teaching. He wants to show that a proper consideration of contemporary technology must take place within a fundamentally moral context. And so, in the second chapter of Magnifica Humanitas, Leo provides an extremely concise and helpful overview of the Church’s social doctrine, emphasizing its satisfying ideological equilibrium. Thus, subsidiarity (the preference for more local forms of authority), typically favored by conservatives, is placed in healthy tension with solidarity (our moral obligation to one another), typically favored by liberals. And the dignity of the individual, typically stressed by conservatives, is balanced by an insistence upon the common good, typically stressed by liberals. The moral legitimacy of private property and the free market, dear to more right-leaning people, is placed alongside the universal destination of goods, a theme of importance to people of the left, and so on. This creative tension is the genius of Catholic social teaching and is precisely what allows its representatives to enter into constructive conversation with those on various points of the political spectrum.
POPE LEO XIV CALLS THIS A CHALLENGE TO ‘HUMAN DIGNITY’ IN FIRST ADDRESS TO CARDINALS
In chapters three and four, Pope Leo turns with acute attention to the particular issues presented by the revolution in communication technology underway today. His entire discussion is conditioned by a theme borrowed from Pope Francis, namely, the danger of a “technocratic paradigm.” By this term, both Francis and Leo mean the tendency to privilege efficiency, control, and practical results over the dignity of the individual and the development of real communion. Leo, in fact, references Romano Guardini, a favorite of Pope Francis, who, at the beginning of the 20th century, bemoaned the dehumanizing features of a technologically driven culture. AI and its attendant technologies are good to the extent that they function as tools in the hands of responsible agents acting for a moral purpose; they are problematic to the extent that they come to dominate both thought and action, bending the properly human in the direction of the machine.
Within the confines of this brief article, I cannot begin to cover the complexity of the pope’s analysis of AI, but I might draw attention to a few highlights.
First, Leo, as befits an Augustinian, is deeply concerned with the truth, and he fears that the digital space is inhabited by people who are far more interested in power than in truth. The denizens of the AI world can propagate, for a variety of reasons, “fake news,” deeply distorted narratives, and misleading information. But the Tower of Babel story shows that when will is divorced from reality, disaster follows: “Such power should be constantly guided by the pursuit of truth and respect for human dignity, so that the culture fostered on the internet does not become an instrument of excessive distraction, homogenization or dominance, but rather a setting in which inner freedom and critical thought can mature” (136).
A related concern is how AI can undermine the sort of slow, patient, and careful work required to uncover the deepest truth. The ease with which AI delivers data to us can deceive us into thinking that acquiring “information” is the same as coming to understand. Here is the pope’s pithy conclusion: “Many educators already report signs of dehumanization, where people may ‘know many things’ but struggle to find direction in their lives, partly due to an inability to connect information with deeper knowledge or maintain a sense of purpose” (146).
Leo is also deeply distressed by the negative psychological impact of the internet on those who are drawn into the digital space. Many studies have demonstrated a tight correlation between “screen time” and depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem. Moreover, the internet has proved to be a breeding ground for sexual exploitation, grooming, and blackmail, not to mention an environment in which the worst forms of pornography have become available to children. Accordingly, the pope calls for effective regulation of this potentially dangerous media space.
THE AI REVOLUTION THREATENS OFFICE JOBS, BUT REVIVES DEMAND FOR SKILLED TRADES
Another preoccupation of the pope is the way AI has begun to affect the arena of work. Following St. John Paul II, Leo maintains that labor is not merely a practical necessity, but rather an essential dimension of human flourishing. Through our toil, we engage our minds, wills, and bodies, and we actualize potentialities within ourselves that we did not realize we had. And therefore, when the speed and efficiency of AI effectively eliminate possibly millions of jobs, certain economic advantages might accrue to the powerful, but a moral and spiritual disaster would occur for the working class: “The pursuit of greater profits cannot justify choices that systematically sacrifice jobs, because the human person is an end, not a means, and the economic order must remain subordinate to human dignity and the common good” (152).
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I will draw attention, finally, to Leo’s deep anxiety regarding the addictive quality of social media. It has now been well established that the devices that give us access to the web were consciously designed to be addictive — and this is perhaps most evident in the “doomscrolling” practiced by so many today.
Further, since AI tools capture so much personal data and information, all of us are deeply vulnerable to manipulation on the part of those who have less-than-savory economic and political motivations. Here are Pope Leo’s words: “When every action — movements, purchases, relationships and preferences — leaves a trace, a new form of power emerges, namely the power to profile, predict and influence behavior, often without individuals being fully aware of it” (171). Again, there is extraordinary richness in this fourth chapter of Magnifica Humanitas, and I would strongly encourage individuals and parish groups to engage in a serious reading of it.
The final chapter of Magnifica Humanitas finds the pope shifting to a somewhat different key, as he focuses on questions of war and peace. This might prove to be the most talked-about and controversial section of the encyclical, given the roiled circumstances of the political world today.
In fact, I found this part of the letter the most thoroughly Augustinian. Basic to St. Augustine’s vision, especially as he articulated it in his City of God, is the contrast between the Roman society of his day, predicated upon the worship of morally ambiguous gods and goddesses, and the properly Christian society, predicated upon worship of the God whose name is love. In accord with the principle that we become what we worship, Rome was bellicose, violent, marked by what Augustine called the libido dominandi (the lust to dominate). And following the same principle, Christian society at least ought to be characterized by forgiveness, peace, and reconciliation. History, on Augustine’s reading, is an ongoing struggle between these two visions.
Pope Leo is anguished because he sees the ways of war coming to dominate the polity of the world today. And he calls upon the Church to provide an alternative vision, a civilization of love. This City of God will not emerge, he says, from some grand plan imposed from above, but rather from the steady work of individuals producing, in time, a cumulative effect. Remarkably, Leo quotes the great J.R.R. Tolkien in this context: “It is not our part to master all the tides of the world, but to do what is in us for the succour of those years wherein we are set, uprooting the evil in the fields that we know, so that those who live after may have clean earth to till” (213, Gandalf in “The Return of the King.”). Especially in our time, when AI and other forms of advanced technology have made warfare more likely and more “efficient,” Pope Leo wants the Church to present to the world the path of peace.
I might remark on a certain irony in this context. In regard to questions of war and peace, St. Augustine is best known, not for his proposal of a civilization of love, but for his theory of just war. But we have to be eminently clear regarding the function of this device. One must never construe Augustine’s theory as some facile “justification” for war, a means of providing moral cover for the wanton use of violence. In fact, just the contrary is the case. The great saint saw his criteria as providing a severe limit to the waging of war, and the Church has always treated them as such. There is one line from this section of the letter that puzzled me a bit. Leo says that he feels the just war theory is “outdated.” I certainly understand that since the means of waging war have changed so dramatically from Augustine’s time, a hasty application of the just war protocols would be naïve today. But I do not think that the criteria themselves — declaration by a just authority, proportionality, discrimination between combatants and noncombatants, last resort, and so on — are outdated. Instead, I believe they should be applied with particular rigor in our present circumstance.
In conclusion, please read this letter and do so with care and in a meditative frame of mind. Consciously step away from the online world of shouted opinions, arrogant self-assertion, and verbal violence. And take in the work of this wise man, an expert in humanity.
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Democrat Congressman Stuns Party, Endorses GOP Colleague
Retiring Democratic Rep. Jared Golden is breaking ranks with his own party again — this time by endorsing a Republican in one of the most closely watched House races of the 2026 midterms.
Golden, who represents Maine’s 2nd Congressional District, announced his support Monday for Republican Rep. Mike Lawler of New York, delivering a rare cross-party endorsement as Lawler fights to hold onto his Hudson Valley seat against Democratic challenger Cait Conley.
Golden made his case in an opinion piece published by The Journal News, arguing that his firsthand experience working alongside Lawler convinced him that the Republican deserves another term.
The endorsement is particularly notable because Democrats are actively trying to defeat Lawler and capture his seat as part of their broader effort to win control of the House.
Golden is going in the opposite direction.
Rather than automatically backing his party’s nominee, the retiring Democrat pointed to Lawler’s bipartisan record and their work together in Congress as the reasons he is supporting the Republican incumbent.
The endorsement is also the latest example of Golden separating himself from Democratic leadership.
Earlier this month, Golden crossed party lines on procedural votes connected to legislation affecting the lobster industry as well as a package of sanctions against Russia.
Now he is taking the considerably more unusual step of endorsing a Republican congressional candidate over a Democrat.
Golden specifically highlighted Lawler’s work on collective bargaining rights for federal employees and Affordable Care Act premium tax credits.
But one issue appears to have carried particular weight for the Maine Democrat: the lobster industry.
Golden and Lawler worked together on the Northeast Lobstermen Protection Act, legislation designed to extend the current regulatory framework governing the American lobster and Jonah crab fisheries through 2035.
The legislation centers on a long-running dispute involving federal protections for the endangered North Atlantic right whale and the regulations imposed on commercial fishing operations in response.
For Maine, where the lobster industry represents an important part of the state’s coastal economy and identity, the issue has carried enormous political significance.
For Lawler, whose district is in New York’s Hudson Valley, there was far less obvious political upside.
That was precisely Golden’s point.
Lawler joined Golden in championing the legislation despite representing a district without Maine’s direct economic dependence on lobster fishing.
The House ultimately approved the measure in a bipartisan 219-196 vote on September 1. The legislation was subsequently sent to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation.
Golden argued that Lawler’s involvement demonstrated the kind of cross-party cooperation he believes has become increasingly uncommon in Washington.
“He got no votes in this and no headlines back home,” Golden wrote. “He signed on because a historic American industry, thousands of fishing families, and the principle that federal rules should be built on facts were all on the line.”
The endorsement carries additional significance because Golden himself has developed a reputation for departing from his party on some high-profile votes and policy disputes.
He announced last year that he would not seek a fifth term in Congress, meaning he is making the endorsement during the final months of his House career.
Golden has said political hostility and dysfunction contributed to his decision to leave Congress, and his endorsement of Lawler centers heavily on his stated belief that lawmakers should be willing to work across party lines.
Lawler represents New York’s 17th Congressional District, a politically competitive Hudson Valley seat that both parties view as important in the fight for control of the House.
The district supported Kamala Harris in the 2024 presidential election even as voters returned Lawler to Congress, underscoring its competitive political makeup. Current race ratings have likewise treated the Lawler-Conley contest as highly competitive.
That makes Golden’s decision particularly consequential politically.
This isn’t an endorsement of a Republican running in a district Democrats have effectively conceded.
It’s an endorsement in a seat Democrats are actively trying to flip.
And it comes from a sitting Democratic member of Congress.
Golden’s decision therefore gives Lawler something relatively uncommon in today’s deeply divided political environment: a Democratic colleague publicly making the case for his reelection.
Golden’s reasoning ultimately comes down to what he says he personally witnessed while serving alongside Lawler.
The two lawmakers worked together on legislation that directly affected Golden’s constituents even though Lawler had relatively little immediate political incentive to become involved.
For Golden, that was enough to cross party lines once again.
This time, however, he isn’t simply joining Republicans on a congressional vote.
He’s asking voters in one of America’s competitive House districts to send one of them back to Washington.
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Trumps Drops Brilliant Midterm Plan That Dems Feared The Most
President Donald Trump is preparing to jump directly into the final six weeks of the 2026 midterm battle, as Republicans deploy a massive campaign war chest and an aggressive turnout operation in their fight to maintain control of Congress.
James Blair, Trump’s political director and one of the president’s top midterm strategists, laid out the Republican closing strategy during an interview with Breitbart News Saturday.
The plan combines a national political message, direct contrasts between candidates, a major push to reach less-frequent Republican voters and hundreds of millions of dollars potentially flowing into some of the country’s most consequential House and Senate contests.
Blair described the strategy as “twofold,” arguing that Republicans cannot treat congressional races as purely national elections or entirely local contests.
“Elections are not all national and they’re not all local,” Blair said. “It’s a little bit of both.”
Republicans plan to tie Democratic candidates to positions taken by the national Democratic Party while simultaneously forcing voters to compare the records and positions of the individual candidates running in their districts and states.
The strategy is designed in part to prevent Democrats competing in politically divided states and districts from distancing themselves from unpopular positions associated with their national party.
But perhaps the biggest weapon Republicans intend to deploy during the closing stretch is Trump himself.
Blair said the president will become “extremely active” during the final six weeks before Election Day, with Trump’s appearances and political activity increasingly coordinated with the beginning of early and mail voting across the country.
The GOP isn’t planning to wait until Election Day to mobilize its voters, either.
Republicans are encouraging supporters to cast ballots as soon as voting becomes available in their states, representing a continued shift from the party’s historical emphasis on Election Day voting.
“Vote now by mail if you want to. Vote in person early if that’s your preference. Don’t wait till Election Day,” Blair said.
A major target of that operation will be what Blair described as “low- and mid-propensity” Republican voters.
Those are voters who turned out for Trump during presidential elections but historically have been less reliable participants when his name isn’t directly on the ballot during midterm elections.
Trump’s political team believes the president has a unique ability to reach those voters, making his involvement a central piece of the Republican turnout operation.
The stakes could hardly be higher.
Republicans are fighting to maintain their congressional majorities in an intensely competitive political environment, particularly in the House.
The Cook Political Report’s September 11 ratings classified **21 House races as Toss Ups**, along with nine Lean Democratic and seven Lean Republican contests.
A Cook survey conducted September 8-11 among 1,052 likely voters across 37 competitive congressional districts found Democrats ahead 49% to 47% on the generic congressional ballot in those districts.
That makes the battle for turnout especially consequential.
But Republicans enter the closing stretch with another major advantage: money.
The National Republican Congressional Committee raised **$13.5 million in August** and finished the month with roughly a **$13 million cash advantage** over its Democratic counterpart.
Axios reported that it represented the largest cash advantage the NRCC has ever held at this stage of a midterm election cycle.
And considerably more money could soon enter the fight.
Earlier this month, Trump said his MAGA Inc. super PAC could direct between **$400 million and $500 million** toward helping Republican candidates during the midterms.
“I’m going to spend whatever amount o
Culture
He’s ALL In — Barack Obama Stuns Nation With Sudden Announcement
Former President Barack Obama is making another major move in the media world, returning to podcasting with a new series focused on literature as he and former First Lady Michelle Obama continue expanding the media operation they built after leaving the White House.
Obama announced Monday that he will host a six-episode podcast titled **“A Great Book With Barack Obama,”** with the series set to debut this month.
The podcast will explore six books that Obama says helped shape his views on politics, race, faith and American society, giving the former president another platform to discuss the ideas and cultural issues that have defined much of his public career.
“At a time when fewer people are able to sit down with a book, it’s important to remember the joy and power that can come from reading,” Obama wrote in a social media post announcing the project.
“And some books don’t just tell a story — they change the way we see the world,” he added.
Each episode will center on a different book, with Obama and his guests discussing why the works continue to resonate and what lessons they believe readers can draw from them today.
The six books selected for the series are James Baldwin’s **“The Fire Next Time,”** Toni Morrison’s **“Song of Solomon,”** Cormac McCarthy’s **“All the Pretty Horses,”** Marilynne Robinson’s **“Gilead,”** Robert Penn Warren’s **“All the King’s Men”** and John le Carré’s **“Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy.”**
Obama said the series will also feature conversations with invited guests.
“I invited some friends to explore why these books resonate, how they can shape our understanding of ourselves and each other, and why literature matters now more than ever,” he said.
The subject matter is hardly disconnected from Obama’s years in politics.
Several of the authors on his list wrote extensively about race, political power, morality and American identity — subjects that have also occupied a central place in Obama’s speeches, books and political career.
Obama also had a personal connection with Toni Morrison.
As president, he awarded the Nobel Prize-winning author the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2012. Following Morrison’s death in 2019, Obama described her as a close friend.
The new podcast will be distributed through Audible and produced in partnership with **Higher Ground**, the media company Barack and Michelle Obama launched in 2018.
It marks yet another expansion of the Obamas’ sizable post-White House media presence.
Higher Ground has already assembled a growing collection of films, documentaries and audio programs. Previous projects include Michelle Obama’s **“The Light Podcast,”** the documentary **“American Factory,”** the Netflix film **“Leave the World Behind”** and **“Rustin,”** the biographical drama centered on civil rights leader Bayard Rustin.
Barack Obama has also remained closely associated with books since leaving the White House in 2017, regularly publishing annual lists highlighting his favorite books, movies and music.
The new podcast takes that tradition significantly further.
Instead of simply publishing a reading list for his millions of followers, Obama will now have an entire episode to discuss each selected work, the ideas contained within it and why he believes those ideas remain relevant.
His selections stretch across decades and genres.
They range from Baldwin’s examination of race in America and Warren’s novel about political power to McCarthy’s Western fiction and le Carré’s Cold War espionage story.
But Obama’s return to the microphone also comes at a politically consequential moment.
The 2026 midterm elections are rapidly approaching, and an enormous financial battle is already underway over control of the United States Senate.
The Senate Leadership Fund, the powerful Republican super PAC aligned with Senate Majority Leader John Thune of South Dakota, says it and its affiliated organizations have raised more than **$500 million** ahead of the 2026 elections.
According to SLF, that represents more money than any previous Senate-focused political effort.
The organization alone has already committed more than **$350 million** to supporting Republican Senate candidates across the country.
Republican groups have spent months assembling a massive financial operation aimed at defending the GOP Senate majority while forcing Democrats to compete across an increasingly expensive electoral map.
SLF is targeting pivotal Senate contests in states including **Alaska, Iowa, Maine, Michigan and North Carolina**, while directing additional resources toward other competitive races.
Republicans are seeking not only to defend their existing majority but potentially add seats.
“Thanks to Leader John Thune and our generous investors, Senate Leadership Fund and its affiliated groups have raised more resources than any other Senate effort in history,” SLF Executive Director Alex Latcham said in a statement to Fox News Digital.
The original report also pointed to financial pressure facing Democrats, noting that the Democratic National Committee used its headquarters building as collateral for a $15 million loan over the summer.
For Republican groups, the fundraising numbers are being presented as evidence that there is no reason to ease up as Election Day approaches.
“However, we cannot slow down as Chuck Schumer and Radical Democrats seek to take our nation back to open borders, rampant crime and crushing inflation,” Latcham added.
Against that backdrop, Obama is once again expanding his public platform.
Nearly a decade after leaving the White House, the former president continues to maintain a prominent presence through books, speeches, political appearances and the growing entertainment operation he and Michelle Obama have built through Higher Ground.
Now, he is adding another microphone.
And with the battle for Congress intensifying ahead of the 2026 midterms, Obama’s latest media venture arrives at a moment when the political fight over the direction of the country is becoming increasingly difficult to ignore.
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